MUNICH (GERMANY)
Westpfahl Spilker Wastl [Munich, Germany]
January 20, 2022
By Marion Westpfahl et al.
[This is a Google translation of the Munich report’s Table of Contents. See also the full German text of the report, in which items in the Table of Contents are linked to the sections. For an indented version of the English Table of Contents, see the PDF.]
Sexual abuse of minors and adult wards by clerics and full-time employees in the Archdiocese of Munich and Freising from 1945 to 2019
– Responsibilities, systemic causes, consequences and recommendations –
Attorney Dr. Marion Westpfahl, Munich
Attorney Dr. Ulrich Wastl, Munich
Attorney Dr. Martin Pusch, LL.M., Munich
Lawyer Nata Gladstein, Munich
Attorney Philipp Schenke, Munich
January 20, 2022
Table of Contents
A. PRINCIPLES …………………………………………….. …………………………………. 1
I. Mission and objective of the expert report ………………………….. 1
II. Summary of the main results …………………… 10
III. Terminological clarification ……………………… 21
1. Sexual abuse / sexualized violence ……………………… 21
2. Victims / Victims / Affected Persons ……………………. 22
3. Suspect / Accused / Perpetrator ………………………….. 24
4. Presumption of innocence ………………………………….. 25
IV. Course of the investigation ………………………………. ………….. 26
1. Selection and inspection of the relevant files ………… 26
a) Personnel files ……………………………………….. 26
b) Procedural files ………………………………………..27
c) DOMEA (“Document management and electronic archiving in IT-supported business processes”) … 28
d) Court records of the Archbishop’s Consistory … 29
e) Secret Archives of the Diocesan Curia …………… 29
f) Records of the vicars general ……………………….. 30
g) Other files …………………………………………………. 30
h) Declarations of completeness ……………………… 31
2. Questioning eyewitnesses …………………………………. 32
3. Evaluation of other investigation reports ………… 35
4. Testing / coordination with Prof. P. Dr. Hans Zollner SJ and Prof. Dr. William Rees .. 37
5. Opportunity for responsible persons to comment ….. 38
6. Cooperation with the public prosecutor’s office in Munich I ……….. 40
B. EVALUATION STANDARDS ………………………………………… ……………… 43
I. Some introductory remarks on the development of awareness of the problem of sexual abuse of minors in society and the church in the 20th century …….. 44
1. The social development until 1960 ……………… 45
2. Societal development after 1960 ………………… 51
3. Perception of sexual abuse of minors in the church context … 54
a) The Gauthe case ………………………………. …….. 55
b) The case of Groër …………………………………….. 57
c) The case of Maciel Degollado …………………….. 58
d) The case of John Geoghan …………………………. 60
4. Intermediate result ………………………………. ………… 61
II. Presentation of the criminal law background and developments ………. 64
1. Some basic features of the development of sexual criminal law ………. 65
a) The development of criminal law up to 1960 ………… 65
b) The development of criminal law from 1960 ………… 66
2. Criminal liability of the abuser ………………………………. 69
a) Relevant offenses of the Criminal Code …………………… 69
b) Statute of limitations for individual acts of abuse …… 95
3. Risks of criminal liability for those responsible for leadership in the church ………… 100
a) Abetting an act of abuse through active conduct …………………… 101
b) Abetting an act of abuse through omission …………………… 107
c) Willful or negligent bodily harm …………………… 129
d) Frustration of criminal prosecution ………………………………. … 141
e) Possible incidental offenses of frustration of a sentence ………………… 155
4. The position of the victim …………………………………. …. 155
5. Interim result and current developments ……… 158
III. Presentation of the legal liability background ………………… 160
1. Liability of the perpetrator under liability law …… 161
2. Liability of the employer, the Archdiocese of Munich and Freising …. 162
a) Liability based on attribution (§ 31 BGB) ……. 162
b) Liability due to inadequate selection and monitoring (§ 831 BGB) …. 163
3. Statute of limitations ………………………………. …………………. 165
4. Intermediate result ………………………………. ………. 166
IV. Presentation of the church (criminal) legal background and developments …. 167
1. A few basic features of the historical development of canon law regarding the sexual abuse of minors up to CIC/1917 …….. 168
2. The CIC/1917, the instruction “Crimen sollicitationis” and supplementary regulations 175
a) Preliminary remarks ………………………………. ….. 176
b) Relevant criminal offenses of the CIC/1917 … 179
c) Procedural provisions ………………… 188
d) Confidentiality obligations ………………………………. 195
3. The CIC/1983, the motu proprio “Sacramentorum sanctitatis tutela” and other supplementary regulations ……. 201
a) Preliminary remarks ………………………………. ….. 201
b) Relevant criminal offenses of the CIC/1983 … 204
c) Procedural provisions ………………… 214
d) Confidentiality obligations ………………………………. 221
4. Supplementary church-wide regulations …………………. 222
a) Motu proprio “Come una madre amorevole” …………. 223
b) Motu proprio “Vos estis lux mundi”…………….. 223
5. The guidelines of the German Bishops’ Conference (2002 / 2010 / 2013) and their implementation in the Archdiocese of Munich and Freising …………………… …. 223
a) Plausibility check of suspected cases in accordance with the DBK guidelines and their relationship to the preliminary investigation under canon law ………. 224
b) DBK guidelines 2002 …………………………………….. 230
c) DBK guidelines 2010 …………………………………….. 235
d) DBK guidelines 2013 …………………………………….. 240
6. Intermediate result ………………………………. ………. 249
V. Church self-understanding and sexual abuse …. 251
1. Documents of the Second Vatican Council ………………… 252
a) The Apostolic Constitution Gaudium et Spes (1965) ….. 253
b) The Decree “Apostolicam Actuositatem” (1965) …………. 255
2. Papal Documents ………………………………. …. 256
a) The encyclical Deus caritas est (2005) ………… 257
b) The Letter “To the People of God” (2018) …. 259
3. Intermediate result ………………………………. ………. 260
VI. Findings to date and reports available to date ………. 261
1. “Murphy Report” (2009) …………………………………. …… 262
2. Investigation report of the Archdiocese of Munich and Freising (2010) …….. 264
3. “Royal Commission Report” (2017) ………………………. 268
4. MHG study (2018) …………………………………….. …………. 274
5. Balance Sheet Report of the Independent Commission for the Study of Sexual Abuse of Children (2019) …….. 277
6. Project documentation “Those affected listen – prevent abuse. Consequences from the MHG study” (2020) .. 279
7. Report commissioned by the Diocese of Aachen (2020) …. 281
8. Report commissioned by the Archdiocese of Berlin (2021) ……. 284
9. Report commissioned by the Archdiocese of Cologne (2021) ………… 286
10. Report commissioned by the Diocese of Hildesheim (2021) …… 288
11. Sexual Violence in the Catholic Church in France 1950 – 2020, Summary of the Final Report Independent Commission on Sexual Abuse in the Catholic Church – CIASE (2021) …… 289
12. Intermediate result ………………………………. ………. 292
C. RESULTS OF THE INVESTIGATION IN GENERAL …………………… 294
I. Factual findings …………………………………………….. ….. 294
1. The bodies and offices of the Archdiocese of Munich and Freising dealing with cases of sexual abuse ….. 294
a) The Archbishop of Munich and Freising …… 295
b) The Vicar General of the Archbishop of Munich and Freising …… 301
c) The official and the vice-officials …………………… 306
d) The archbishopric of Munich and its divisions…. 310
e) Superordinate bodies …….. 312
f) The contact persons and the advisory staff …. 317
g) The Advisory Board for Affected Persons and the Review Commission of the Archdiocese of Munich and Freising …… .317
2. Sources for the report from 2010 … 318
3. Reorientation of the administration in the Archdiocese of Munich and Freising after the report in 2010 ……. 323
a) Structural reform – project “EOM 2010 – Shaping the future, setting the framework” ……. 329
b) “Traceability” project…………. 332
c) Interim result …………………… 335
4. Measures to prevent cases of abuse in the Archdiocese of Munich and Freising … 335
5. Evaluation and Analysis of the Cases Investigated …….. 340
a) Distribution based on criteria related to the suspect……… 341
b) Distribution based on damage-related criteria……… 346
c) Distribution according to crime-related criteria …….. 348
d) Implementation of state or church procedures …. 357
II. Procedure for processing cases of (suspected) abuse …………………………………. ………. 358
1. General information on processing cases of suspected abuse ……….. 358
a) Case handling before 2010 ……………. 359
b) Case handling in the course of the abuse scandal between 2010 and 2011 …. 360
c) Processing from 2011 to the end of the investigation period ……. 361
2. Responses to clerics suspected of sexual abuse …. 365
a) Reports to the public prosecutor …………………. 366
b) Failure to sanction within the Church …… 375
c) Further use in pastoral care ………………… 380
3. Responses to laypersons suspected of sexual abuse ………………….. 382
a) Treatment of (suspected) cases of abuse by laypersons ……. 382
b) Reports to the public prosecutor’s office ………………. 383
4. Reactions of those responsible in the church towards the victims …. 385
a) Perception of victims before 2010 …. 386
b) Perception of injured parties from 2010 ……. 388
5. Reactions of the diocesan leaders towards the affected parishes …… 395
6. Deviations from the reports of the Archdiocese Abuse Officers for the period April 2010 to December 2020 .. 397
7. Intermediate result …… 399
III. Systemic causes for identified deficits ………………… 402
1. Clericalism …………. 404
2. Fear as well as helplessness and speechlessness as action-guiding moments …. 410
3. Ecclesiastical (criminal) law ……… 414
a) No ambiguity and inconsistency of the relevant standards that would hinder enlightenment … 414
b) Deficits in the legal culture within the Church ………… 416
c) Deficit legal regulations ………………… 419
d) Lack of application practice …………………… 422
4. (Adult) homosexuality among clergy ……… 423
5. Selection of leaders and expertise …… 425
6. Responsibilities and competencies as well as structural and process organization …. 428
7. Oversight and accountability ………………………………. 429
8. Record keeping and transparency ………………………………. 431
9. Lack of interdisciplinary exchange …………………… 431
D. RESULTS OF THE INVESTIGATION REGARDING THE ACTION AND RESPONSIBILITIES OF THE DIOCESAL MANAGEMENT IN PARTICULAR ……………………………. ……….. 433
I. General expert guidelines …………………………………. 433
1. Selection criteria for the cases to be presented in the report ……. 434
2. Presentation of the facts and in particular the naming of church leaders and persons accused of sexual abuse …. 438
3. Evaluation of the facts………………………………… 442
II. Cases in which misconduct was identified ………………… 444
1. Case 1 ………………………………. ……………………………. 445
2. Case 2 ………………………………. ……………………………. 447
3. Case 3 ………………………………. ……………………………. 450
4. Case 4 ………………………………. ……………………………. 452
5. Case 5 …………………………………. ……………………………. 454
6. Case 6 ………………………………. ……………………………. 454
7. Case 7 ………………………………. ……………………………. 459
8. Case 8 ………………………………. ……………………………. 460
9. Case 9 …………………………………. ……………………………. 461
10. Case 10 ………………………………. ………………….. 464
11. Case 11 ………………………………. ………………….. 465
12. Case 12 ………………………………. ………………….. 469
13. Case 13 ………………………………. ………………….. 471
14. Case 14 ………………………………. ………………….. 475
15. Case 15 ………………………………. ………………….. 479
16. Case 16 …………………………………. ………………….. 480
17. Case 17 ………………………………. ………………….. 481
18. Case 18 ………………………………. ………………….. 483
19. Case 19 ………………………………. ………………….. 487
20. Case 20 ………………………………. ………………….. 488
21. Case 21 ………………………………. ………………….. 489
22. Case 22 ……………………………………………………… 490
23. Case 23 ………………………………………………………. 494
24. Case 24 ……………………………………………………… 496
25. Case 25 ………………………………. ………………….. 499
26. Case 26 ………………………………………… ………………….. 502
27. Case 27 ………………………………. ………………….. 508
28. Case 28 ………………………………. ………………….. 510
29. Case 29 ………………………………. ………………….. 512
30. Case 30 ………………………………. ………………….. 514
31. Case 31 …………………………………. ………………….. 522
32. Case 32 ………………………………………… ………………….. 534
33. Case 33 …………………………………. ………………….. 535
34. Case 34 …………………………………. ………………….. 536
35. Case 35 ………………………………. ………………….. 538
36. Case 36 ………………………………………… ………………….. 539
37. Case 37 ………………………………. ………………….. 544
38. Case 38 ………………………………. ………………….. 555
39. Case 39 ………………………………. ………………….. 558
40. Case 40 ………………………………. ………………….. 562
41. Case 41 ………………………………. ………………….. 568
42. Case 42 ………………………………………… ………………….. 568
43. Case 43 ………………………………………… ………………….. 573
44. Case 44 ………………………………………… ………………….. 575
45. Case 45 ………………………………. ………………….. 576
46. Case 46 ………………………………………… ………………….. 578
47. Case 47 ………………………………. ………………….. 579
48. Case 48 ………………………………. ………………….. 580
49. Case 49 ………………………………. ………………….. 583
50. Case 50 ………………………………. ………………….. 585
51. Case 51 ………………………………………… ………………….. 589
52. Case 52 ………………………………………… ………………….. 591
53. Case 53 ………………………………………… ………………….. 593
54. Case 54 ………………………………. ………………….. 594
55. Case 55 ………………………………………… ………………….. 595
56. Case 56 ………………………………………… ………………….. 596
57. Case 57 ………………………………………… ………………….. 600
58. Case 58 ………………………………. ………………….. 602
59. Case 59 ………………………………………… ………………….. 605
60. Case 60 ………………………………. ………………….. 607
61. Case 61 ………………………………. ………………….. 609
62. Case 62 ………………………………………… ………………….. 611
63. Case 63 ………………………………………… ………………….. 614
64. Case 64 ………………………………………… ………………….. 618
65. Case 65 ………………………………. ………………….. 619
III. Expert evaluation of the actions of the diocesan instructions ……. 621
1. Introductory remarks on jurisdiction and assignment of responsibility … 622
2. Archbishop Michael Cardinal von Faulhaber (1917 – 1952) ………. 623
a) Case 2 ………………………………. …………………. 624
b) Case 3 ………………………………. …………………. 627
c) Case 5 …………………………………. …………………. 628
d) Case 6 ………………………………. …………………. 630
e) Expert overall assessment ………………… 632
3. Archbishop Joseph Cardinal Wendel (1952 – 1960) ….. 633
a) Case 6 ………………………………. …………………. 633
b) Case 9 …………………………………. …………………. 636
c) Case 11 ………………………………. ……………….. 638
d) Case 13 …………………………………. ……………….. 640
e) Case 14 …………………………………. ……………….. 642
f) Case 16 ………………………………. ……………….. 644
g) Case 17 …………………………………. ……………….. 645
h) Case 19 ………………………………. ……………….. 647
i) Expert overall assessment ………………… 648
4. Archbishop Julius Cardinal Döpfner (1961 – 1976) …… 650
a) Case 6 ………………………………. …………………. 650
b) Case 21 ………………………………. ……………….. 653
c) Case 22 ………………………………. ……………….. 656
d) Case 23 ………………………………. ……………….. 658
e) Case 24 …………………………………. ……………….. 660
f) Case 25 ………………………………. ……………….. 661
g) Case 26 ………………………………. ……………….. 663
h) Case 27 ………………………………. ……………….. 665
i) Case 29 ………………………………. ……………….. 666
j) Case 31 ………………………………. ……………….. 669
k) Case 34 …………………………………. ……………….. 671
l) Case 35 ………………………………………… ……………….. 673
m) Case 36 ………………………………………… ……………….. 675
n) Case 37 …………………………………. ……………….. 678
o) Expert overall assessment ………………… 680
5. Archbishop Joseph Cardinal Ratzinger (1977–1982)….. 682
a) General statements by the former Archbishop Cardinal Ratzinger / Pope em. Benedict XVI …. 684
b) Case 22 ………………………………. ……………….. 688
c) Case 37 ………………………………. ……………….. 698
d) Case 40 ………………………………………… ……………….. 718
e) Case 42 ………………………………. ……………….. 733
f) Expert overall assessment ………………… 750
6. Archbishop and Apostolic Administrator Friedrich Cardinal Wetter (1982 – 2008) …… 754
a) General statements of the former Archbishop Cardinal Wetter ..755
b) Case 24 ………………………………. ……………….. 761
c) Case 26 ………………………………. ……………….. 766
d) Case 27 …………………………………. ……………….. 772
e) Case 37 ………………………………. ……………….. 774
f) Case 38 …………………………………. ……………….. 777
g) Case 40 ………………………………. ……………….. 781
h) Case 43 ………………………………. ……………….. 786
i) Case 44 ………………………………. ……………….. 790
j) Case 46 ………………………………. ……………….. 793
k) Case 47 …………………………………. ……………….. 797
l) Case 50 ………………………………………… ……………….. 801
m) Case 51 ………………………………. ……………….. 807
n) Case 52 ………………………………………… ……………….. 812
o) Case 53 ………………………………………… ……………….. 816
p) Case 54 ………………………………………… ……………….. 820
q) Case 56 …………………………………. ……………….. 823
r) Case 57 ………………………………………… ……………….. 827
s) Case 59 ………………………………………… ……………….. 831
t) Case 62 ………………………………………… ……………….. 835
u) Case 63 ………………………………………… ……………….. 839
v) Case 64 ………………………………. ……………….. 844
w) Expert overall assessment ………………… 847
7. Archbishop Reinhard Cardinal Marx (2008 – present) …… 851
a) General statements by Archbishop Cardinal Marx …… 852
b) Case 30 ………………………………. ……………….. 854
c) Case 65 ………………………………. ……………….. 862
d) Expert overall assessment ………………… 866
8. Vicar General and Vicar Capitular Ferdinand Buchwieser (1932 – 1953) ……… 869
a) Case 2 ………………………………. …………………. 870
b) Case 3 ………………………………. …………………. 873
c) Case 4 ………………………………. …………………. 875
d) Case 5 ………………………………. …………………. 876
e) Case 6 ………………………………. …………………. 878
f) Case 7 ………………………………. …………………. 879
g) Case 10 ………………………………. ……………….. 881
h) Case 11 ………………………………. ……………….. 882
i) Expert overall assessment ………………… 884
9. Vicar General Dr. Johann Fuchs (1953 – 1960) ………… 886
a) Case 1 ………………………………. …………………. 887
b) Case 3 ………………………………. …………………. 889
c) Case 4 ………………………………. …………………. 890
d) Case 6 ………………………………. …………………. 892
e) Case 9 …………………………………. …………………. 894
f) Case 12 ………………………………. ……………….. 897
g) Case 13 …………………………………. ……………….. 898
h) Case 14 …………………………………. ……………….. 901
i) Case 15 ………………………………. ……………….. 904
j) Case 16 …………………………………. ……………….. 906
k) Case 17 ………………………………. ……………….. 908
l) Case 19 ………………………………………… ……………….. 909
m) Case 21 ………………………………. ……………….. 911
n) Expert overall assessment ………………… 912
10. Capitular Vicar and Vicar General Auxiliary Bishop Johannes Neuhäusler (1961/1962) ….. 913
11. Vicar General Matthias Defregger (1962 – 1968) ………. 915
a) Case 6 ………………………………. …………………. 915
b) Case 20 ………………………………. ……………….. 917
c) Case 24 ………………………………. ……………….. 919
d) Case 25 …………………………………. ……………….. 920
e) Case 26 ………………………………. ……………….. 922
f) Case 27 ………………………………. ……………….. 925
g) Case 32 ………………………………. ……………….. 926
h) Expert overall assessment ………………… 927
12. Vicar General and Personnel Officer Dr. Gerhard Gruber (1968 – 1990/1993) …….. 928
a) General statements by the former vicar general and personnel officer Dr. Gruber . 929
b) Case 6 ………………………………. …………………. 939
c) Case 8 ………………………………. …………………. 945
d) Case 22 ………………………………. ……………….. 947
e) Case 23 …………………………………. ……………….. 952
f) Case 24 ………………………………. ……………….. 957
g) Case 27 …………………………………. ……………….. 961
h) Case 28 …………………………………. ……………….. 964
i) Case 29 ………………………………. ……………….. 968
j) Case 31 ………………………………. ……………….. 973
k) Case 34 …………………………………. ……………….. 980
l) Case 35 ………………………………………… ……………….. 985
m) Case 36 ………………………………………… ……………….. 989
n) Case 37 …………………………………. ……………….. 994
o) Case 38 ………………………………………… ……………….. 999
p) Case 39 ………………………………………… ……………… 1003
q) Case 40 ………………………………………… ……………… 1007
r) Case 42 ………………………………………… ……………… 1010
s) Case 43 ………………………………………… ……………… 1015
t) Case 44 ………………………………………… ……………… 1020
u) Case 45 ………………………………. ……………… 1024
v) Case 52 ………………………………. ……………… 1030
w) Case 58 ………………………………………… ……………… 1035
x) Expert overall assessment ………………… 1039
13. Vicar General Dr. Robert Simon (1990 – 2009) ……….. 1040
a) Case 26 ………………………………. ……………… 1041
b) Case 49 ………………………………. ……………… 1044
c) Case 50 ………………………………. ……………… 1047
d) Case 52 ………………………………………… ……………… 1050
e) Case 53 ………………………………. ……………… 1054
f) Case 54 ………………………………. ……………… 1056
g) Case 55 ………………………………………… ……………… 1057
h) Case 56 …………………………………. ……………… 1060
i) Case 57 …………………………………. ……………… 1063
j) Case 58 ………………………………. ……………… 1066
k) Case 63 …………………………………. ……………… 1068
l) Expert overall assessment ………………… 1070
14. Vicar General DDr. Peter Beer (2010 – 2019) …………… 1072
a) General statements by the former Vicar General DDr. Beer…. 1073
b) Case 30 ………………………………. ……………… 1075
c) Case 48 ………………………………. ……………… 1085
d) Case 60 ………………………………. ……………… 1089
e) Case 65 ………………………………. ……………… 1092
f) Expert overall assessment ………………… 1097
15. Official Dr. Lorenz Wolf (1997 – to date) …………………… 1099
a) General statements by the official Dr. Wolves… 1100
b) Case 18 …………………………………. ……………… 1109
c) Case 26 ………………………………. ……………… 1112
d) Case 30 ………………………………. ……………… 1116
e) Case 33 …………………………………. ……………… 1124
f) Case 42 ………………………………. ……………… 1127
g) Case 51 ………………………………. ……………… 1130
h) Case 56 …………………………………. ……………… 1134
i) Case 60 ………………………………………… ……………… 1139
j) Case 61 ………………………………. ……………… 1144
k) Case 62 ………………………………………… ……………… 1147
l) Case 63 ………………………………………… ……………… 1151
m) Expert overall assessment ………………… 1155
E. RECOMMENDATIONS ………………………………. ………………………….. 1160
I. Strengthening of the concerns of the injured parties …………………… 1161
1. Contact of church officials with injured parties …….. 1161
2. Ombudsman for injured parties ………………………………. 1162
3. Inspection of files ………………………………. ……………. 1163
4. Strengthening of the Advisory Board for Affected Persons ………………… 1164
II. Measures in the field of legislation ………………… 1166
1. Specification of the relevant criminal offenses ………… 1167
2. Jurisdiction …………………………………………….. …… 1169
3. Law of criminal procedure, in particular position of the injured party …… 1170
4. Judicial publication …………………………………. 1171
5. Disciplinary Measures ………………………………. 1172
III. Measures in the administrative and organizational area ………. 1174
1. Implementing regulations for the DBK-MissbrO …….. 1174
2. Independent intervention officer ………………… 1175
3. Optimization of administrative structures and processes with regard to …… 1177
a) Compliance management, in particular whistleblower system ….1177
b) Quality management, in particular (independent) auditing and peer comparison … 1179
c) Management functions and other employees …….. 1180
d) File management ………………………………………… ….. 1182
4. Limitation of the terms of office of relevant responsible persons ….1183
IV. Measures in relation to (potential) abusers …….. 1184
1. Further development of management supervision ………………… 1184
2. Protection of those who have been injured by caring for the perpetrators and eliminating the helplessness of those responsible in the church ….. 1186
3. Establishment of an expert pool and evaluation of the expert activity …. 1189
4. Critical review of priestly training and advanced training …. 1190
V. Other measures …………………………………………….. ………… 1192
1. Taking care of the church institutions concerned …………………… 1192
2. Critical reflection on the priestly self-understanding ………… 1193
3. In-depth (interdisciplinary) research and institutionalized exchange of knowledge and experience, especially at the international level, on factors conducive to abuse and cover-ups … 1194
4. Strengthening the personality development of children …….. 1197
5. Strengthening the role of women in church leadership positions …….. 1197
BIBLIOGRAPHY …………………………………………………………… 1199
ATTACHMENTS
Attachment 1
Confirmation Prof. Dr. Wilhelm Rees from January 10, 2022
Attachment 2
Statement Pope em. Benedict XVI
Set of systems 3
Statements Archbishop em. Frederick Cardinal Wetter
Set of systems 4
Opinions Archbishop Reinhard Cardinal Marx
Plant bundle 5
Statements Prof. DDr. Peter Beer
Attachment 6
Synopsis of §§ 174, 175 a. F., 176, 182 (R)StGB
Attachment 7
Synopsis CIC/1917 / CIC/1983
Attachment 8
Synopsis of the DBK guideline 2002 / 2010 / 2013