Cardinal Theodore McCarrick resigned from public ministry yesterday after the Holy See determined that allegations of sexual abuse against a minor dating back almost 50 years were "credible and substantiated."  The Archdiocese of Newark and the Diocese of Metuchen also released information that allegations of sexual misconduct with adults against McCarrick had been made in the past, with two of the three allegations resulting in a settlement.

McCarrick served as a priest for 60 years. He served the church as president of the Catholic University in Puerto Rico, as bishop of Metuchen, New Jersey, and as archbishop of Newark, New Jersey, and later of Washington. He became a cardinal and participated in the conclave of 2005 that elected Pope Benedict XVI. McCarrick was a "man of the conference" serving on a variety of committees over the years.

He was one of the church's foremost ambassadors, traveling to countries most of us could not spell and some we had never heard of, building relationships across ethnic and racial and denominational lines. Even in retirement, his schedule would have been daunting to a person half his age, but he kept at it. All for the good of the church.

None of that protected him from the charge of having abused a minor. None of it should have protected him. It is now clear that after years, decades and probably centuries of covering up the crimes of the clergy regarding the sexual abuse of children, now a regime of transparency and accountability is firmly enough in place that no one, not even a cardinal, can be considered above the law. They may get a pass for other crimes and failings, but not this. For all the continued problems — the Chile situation, the curial foot-dragging that led Marie Collins to resign from the Pontifical Commission on Child Protection — the culture at the Holy See has begun to change on this issue. Twenty years ago, such allegations would have been swept under the rug. Not anymore.

Cardinal Bernard Law resigned as archbishop of Boston in 2002 for covering up sexual abuse by others so egregiously he could no longer credibly lead the archdiocese. The late Cardinal Keith O'Brien of Edinburgh is the only other cardinal to have resigned from public ministry over allegations of sex abuse, although those charges involved subordinates who were nonetheless adults. And Australian Cardinal George Pell has effectively resigned his Vatican post, returning to his home country to face allegations of abuse.

It is noteworthy that the previous settlements for sexual misconduct involving adults had not resulted in the drastic step of resigning from public ministry. Nor should they. Priests sometimes fail to keep their vows of celibacy just as married men and women sometimes fail to keep their vows of fidelity. The sexual abuse of a minor — or a subordinate, which constitutes an abuse of power — is different and should be treated differently. If it turns out the settlements were with subordinates, questions will be raised about why this punishment of removal from public ministry was not applied earlier.

The resignation comes in the twilight of McCarrick's life. The last time I saw the cardinal, it seemed clear to me that his once formidable intellectual faculties had begun to fail, a process that has continued according to mutual friends. It would be easy, and wrong, to think "Poor Cardinal McCarrick." That is the sentiment that got us into this mess in the first place, the fact that, when confronted with allegations that a priest had abused a minor, too many bishops had as their initial reaction the thought "poor Father." It is understandable, but not pardonable, that the culture of clericalism, like the culture of the military, inclined those who belonged to think first of their own.

But priests and bishops are shepherds, they are there to protect the flock. Their first thought should have been for the harm done to the victim, not the scandal that would surround the perpetrator. Protecting the perpetrator and not the victim violated all their theology of ministry and apostolic authority. It violated their sacramental leadership of the community. It has almost killed the church in this country.