By John Hooper
The Guardian
July 29, 2011
http://www.guardian.co.uk/world/2011/jul/29/catholic-church-response-criticism-ireland
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| Pope Benedict XVI fears further fracturing of the Catholic church in Europe. Photograph: Riccardo De Luca/AP |
Next month, as every year since he was chosen to lead the world's Roman Catholics, the scholarly Pope Benedict XVI will preside at a meeting of his Schulerkreis — a group of his former doctoral students.
This year, the issue for debate in the pontifical summer palace, overlooking a volcanic lake near Rome, is the one he was elected to tackle: how to reverse the galloping secularisation of Catholicism's European homeland.
The discussion could scarcely be more timely, coming in the midst of a crisis in relations between the Holy See and Ireland, a country where, until a few years ago, official defiance of Rome was unthinkable.
The reaction in the Vatican to Enda Kenny's impassioned denunciation on 20 July has been one of astonishment. But, as the Holy See's temporary recall of its ambassador, or nuncio, five days later showed, it is also laced with indignation.
The pope's deputy spokesman, Father Ciro Benedettini, gave the move a positive gloss, saying the Holy See needed the nuncio back in Rome so it could frame its reply to the Cloyne report "with objectivity and determination". But his temporary withdrawal also reflected what Benedettini tactfully called "surprise and disappointment over some excessive reactions".
In diplomacy, the recall of an envoy for consultations is a clear signal of disapproval and L'Avvenire, the newspaper of the Italian bishops' conference, was unable to find a precedent for it in the vast annals of Vatican diplomacy.
The pope's aides feel they have been unfairly attacked, and some suspect a political motive. One high-ranking cleric who spoke on condition of anonymity noted Ireland was caught up in the euro crisis and speculated that Kenny might have been seeking to distract public opinion.
Others stressed the Vatican response, promised by the end of August, would seek to heal the breach. But the signs this week were that it would also include a vigorous defence of the Vatican's position.
No one in Rome disputes that allegations of the sexual abuse of minors in the Cloyne diocese were grossly mishandled by the bishop, John Magee. But Vatican officials argue they are being pilloried for the actions of a pastor who disregarded their instructions.
Ireland's prime minister claimed that judge Yvonne Murphy's report contained evidence of an "attempt by the Holy See to block an enquiry ... less than three years ago".
Vatican officials say they can find no such evidence. What the report does contain, they say, is criticism of the papal bureaucracy's actions 14 years ago. In 1997, the Congregation for the Clergy, the department responsible for the priesthood, sent a message to the Irish bishops criticising their attempts to create a framework for dealing with sex abuse cases.
In particular, it objected to a clause that went beyond the requirements of Irish law at the time and proposed that: "In all instances where it is known or suspected that a priest … has sexually abused a child, the matter should be reported to the civil authorities." The Vatican said that could be at odds with the church's own laws.
Murphy's commission concluded that Rome's objections gave individual bishops – including Magee – freedom to ignore the bishops' guidelines. But speaking on Vatican Radio on 19 July, the pope's spokesman, Father Federico Lombardi, argued there was "no reason to interpret the letter as aimed at hiding cases of abuse. In fact, it was warning of the risk of taking measures that could then turn out to be challengeable or invalid from a canonical point of view".
In any case, say other Vatican officials, even if the Congregation's response was misguided, it was made before 2001. That is when, in their view, there was a sea change.
Pope John Paul II ordered all cases of alleged sex abuse to be dealt with in Rome by the department then headed by Cardinal Joseph Ratzinger, as he was known then. As he read the paperwork, the future pope became increasingly appalled by what he saw, and put in place an altogether more effective policy. "Not to recognise that there has been a learning curve and that things have changed is stupid", said a senior Vatican official.
That may not be the whole story, however. In an interview with the website Vatican Insider, the archbishop of Dublin, Cardinal Diarmuid Martin, said he believed Kenny was not only referring to the 1997 exchange, but also "to interactions – which I was unaware of – which took place with the Vatican while the Cloyne report was being prepared". He did not elaborate.
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