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	on This Day News 24 July 23, 2008 http://www.news24.com/News24/On_this_day/On_this_day/0,,2-1602-1492_2361833,00.html Highlights in history on this date: 1588 - English army assembles at Tilbury to repel invasion by Spanish Armada. 1595 - Spanish land at Cornwall, England, and burn Mousehold and Penzance before returning to their ships. 1785 - Prussia's Frederick the Great forms Die Fuerstenbund League of German Princes). 1829 - The first typewriter is patented by William Burt of Mount Vernon, Michigan. 1882 - Koreans attack Japanese legation in Seoul, the Korean capital, provoking intervention by Japanese and Chinese troops. 1904 - The ice cream cone was invented by Charles E Menches during the Louisiana Purchase Exposition in St Louis. 1913 - "Second Revolution" breaks out in south China to force from power military commander Yuan Shih-kai. He wins the armed struggle, ending hope for democracy in China after the abdication of the emperor. 1914 - Austria and Hungary issue ultimatum to Serbia after assassination of Archduke Ferdinand. The dispute leads to World War 1. 1920 - King Faisal's Arab army is defeated at Maysaloun, and Syria falls effectively under French control. 1921 - The first meeting of the Chinese Communist Party is held in Shanghai. Thirteen delegates represent 50 members. 1945 - Marshal Henri Philippe Petain is put on trial, charged with betraying France during World War 2. 1952 - Egyptian military officers led by Gamal Abdel Nasser overthrow King Farouk I. 1958 - Queen Elizabeth names four women to peerages - the first women to sit in Britain's House of Lords. 1974 - Greece's military rulers announce they will turn nation back to civilian rule. 1983 - A regional struggle for independence by Tamils in Sri Lanka's north and east escalates into a civil war when they kill 13 Sri Lankan soldiers. The nation's Sinhalese majority responds by killing hundreds of Tamil civilians in the south. 1988 - Iran accuses Iraq of pushing deep into Iranian territory and using chemical weapons. 1991 - New platform for Soviet Communist Party is published, calling for private property, economic integration into world market and freedom of religion. 1993 - British Prime Minister John Major survives a vote of confidence and a reluctant House of Commons approves a treaty of European union on his terms. 1994 - Gambian soldiers proclaim military government in Dakar, Senegal. 1995 - United Nations orders the first combat unit from its rapid reaction force to Sarajevo, in Bosnia, to take out any rebel Serb guns that fire at UN peacekeepers. 1996 - Aided by US spy photographs, war crimes investigators in Bosnia recover more than a dozen bodies thought to belong to Muslims executed after the fall of the city of Srebrenica. 1997 - Swiss banks publish lists of World War 2 era depositors in newspaper advertisements throughout the world. 2000 - American Lance Armstrong wins the prestigious and gruelling Tour de France for the second year in a row, four years after being diagnosed with cancer. 2001 - Indonesia's National Assembly impeaches President Abdurahman Wahid in an overwhelming vote and elects his deputy, Megawati Sukarnoputri, as head of state. 2002 - Israeli fighter jet drops a 1-ton bomb on a crowded residential neighbourhood in Gaza City, killing Salah Shehada, a Palestinian militant, and 14 civilians. The strike draws widespread condemnation for the high civilian death toll. 2003 - Massachusetts Attorney General's office issues a scathing report following an investigation into the handling of sexual abuse cases by the Roman Catholic archdiocese of Boston. Clergy members and others in the archdiocese are believed to have sexually abused more than 1 000 people over a period of six decades. 2004 - The leaders of the September 11 commission reiterate their call that Congress and the president must quickly overhaul US intelligence agencies, prompting a Senate and House pledge for an unusual round of hearings in August. 2005 - A Brazilian man killed by British police in a dramatic subway shooting had nothing to do with a series of bombing attacks on London's transit system, police announce, calling the death a "tragedy" and expressing their regret. 2006 - Gunmen attack Oaxaca's university radio station, authorities report, the latest incident in a wave of confrontations and protests that drove many tourists out of the historic Mexican city. 2007 - Afghanistan's last king Mohammad Zahir Shah, a symbol of unity who oversaw four decades of peace before a 1973 palace coup ousted him and war shattered his country, dies at the age of 92. Today's Birthdays: Francesco Sforza, Italian mercenary and duke of Milan (1401-1466); Lord Allanbrooke, English soldier (1883-1963); Raymond Chandler, US author (1888-1959); Emperor Haile Selassie of Ethiopia (1891-1975); Elio Vittorini, Italian novelist, translator and literary critic (1908-1966); Don Imus, US radio personality (1940--); Woody Harrelson, actor (1961--); Daniel Radcliffe, actor (1989--); Philip Seymour Hoffman, actor (1967--); Alison .rauss, country singer (1971--). Thought For Today: To be proud and inaccessible is to be timid and weak - Jean Baptiste Massillon, French clergyman (1663-1742).
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