Pope Leo XIV signals a pivotal shift in defining “vulnerability,” steering Church law toward context-based interpretations of adult abuse cases.
In a carefully worded address last week to the , Pope Leo XIV signaled a possible turning point in how the Catholic Church will henceforth understand and prosecute cases of sexual abuse involving adults. His subtle linguistic reformulation — replacing “vulnerable adults” with “persons in vulnerable situations” — may reshape years of canonical debate, Vatican procedure, and diocesan practice.
Context: A Decade of Canonical Debate
Since the scandal surrounding former cardinal , the Church has wrestled with how to handle cases of adult victims within its legal framework. Pope Francis’s 2019 decree Vos estis lux mundi expanded the definition of “vulnerability,” describing a “vulnerable adult” as anyone suffering from infirmity, mental deficiency, or deprivation of freedom that limits their capacity to resist or understand an offense.
Though widely praised for its intent, the definition…
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